In addition to confirming your basic information, such as
your name, address, and social security number, also watch for errors
and signs of fraud:
- New accounts that you do not recall opening
- Derogatory information that is not up to date, such
as loan payment history (note that bankruptcies stay on your credit file
for several years)
- Derogatory information that is incorrect, including missed payments, collection actions, eviction, or repossessions
- Excessive inquiries into your file
It's wise to check your credit report frequently for
signs of fraud. If someone obtains your social security number, only a
few additional pieces of information are necessary to perpetrate fraud
in your name. Common types of identity theft include fraudulent bank
accounts, credit cards, utilities, and loans. According to the FTC,
victims of identity theft spend an average of 175 hours and $800 to
clear their names. Early detection is the key to avoid suffering
long-term financial consequences.
The file will be updated in 30 to 60 days, but public
records such as court actions and collections remain for seven years.
Note that it may take anywhere from a few weeks to a few months to
correct an error in your report.
Your credit score is used by lenders to represent your
overall level credit risk. It is essentially a numerical summary of the
information in your credit report. The higher your score, the better
your credit, and the more likely lenders will be to give you a favorable
interest rate on a loan. Each of the three major credit bureaus has its
own method for determining a credit score, but they are essentially
equivalent.
Credit scores range from 350 to 850 - the higher your score, the more favorable interest rates you will receive on a loan.
Requesting your own credit report will not affect your
credit rating. On the other hand, inquiries such as mortgage, loan and
credit card applications will affect your score if several of these
inquiries occur over a relatively short time frame. Some studies have
indicated that this suggests you may be a higher credit risk.
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